Omaha preflop charts. This is because the high rake decreases your pot odds . Omaha preflop charts

 
 This is because the high rake decreases your pot odds Omaha preflop charts g

MAIN INDEX POT LIMIT OMAHA PREFLOP GUIDE FOR RAISING FIRST IN. The flop is 9♠ 3♠ 2♠ with $300 in the pot. As always in poker, adjust these sizings. Not only will you play more hands per hour – opponents who fail to adjust properly will simply be giving away. The user interface of the applications makes it. Ace From Space – Another name used for when a timely ace appears on the river. All it takes is two clicks (other than the initial setup). This is also the reason why there is no clear cut starting hand chart for PLO. Member Home Contact Us Articles Quizzes Reviews Free Resources Merch The Upswing Pros All. This means a rake cap of $0. Analyzing how Aces are matching up against an opponent’s full range we find that it has 66% equity in 4-card PLO, 60% in 5-card, and only 57% in 6-card. This is probably the most extensive preflop poker hands chart I’ve seen in my life, and it really has everything you could possibly need, including: Different stack depths (100bb, 200bb, and 400bb) Rake vs. A precise and easy to use visual representation of GTO preflop ranges for 4 and 5 card Pot Limit Omaha. Be wary of jamming your weak off-suit aces. Time pot: A set amount is collected from the first pot over a certain amount. A precise and easy to use visual representation of GTO preflop ranges for 4 and 5 card Pot Limit Omaha. made a simple interactive GTO preflop range chart - looking for feedback. Mobile App feature_mobile_header. Download now! The Structure. Whether you prefer AAKK double-suited or AAJT double-suited - both of these are very strong hands. 5 big blinds. Before getting into the thick of things, let’s consider what makes a good starting hand in poker. 96. This 8-question quiz includes questions about No Limit Hold’em (cash games and tournaments), Pot Limit Omaha, and “big bet” poker theory. Here are 10 essential poker charts to help your preflop poker game. The player on the button is next to act, and folds. Strategy. If you’d like some solid preflop ranges to work with, get. Here is a basic and conservative pot limit omaha hand chart for being the first to open (everyone folds to you) in various positions. Nick’s tournament course comes with his Preflop Mastersheet, which contains 260+ charts that cover almost every preflop situation you can imagine at 6 different stack depths. Put more. e. If your hand’s equity is higher than 33%, you would continue (either by calling or raising). Use the Preflop App to Look Up Charts in Seconds; GET THE DETAILS. A precise and easy to use visual representation of GTO preflop ranges for 4 and 5 card Pot Limit Omaha. Preflop will help you better understand the ranges in PLO, and Training will help you reinforce that knowledge. Unlike raising, open limping is a passive action that does not give you an immediate opportunity to. You can profitably raise this hand pre flop and even afford to call a re raise. Analyze your hands by position, holecards, time at the table, stack size, and much more! More Info Get Now The best-designed range syntax on the PLO software market while still being intuitive to use. mkr files) for MonkerSolver and . An. Memorize These 5 Poker Ranges. Much like its cousin, Pot. 5% 1g 94% 81% 41% 1. Pocket aces (aka “Pocket Rockets” or “Bullets”) is the best Texas Hold’em starting hand. Instead, use them as a guide when building your own preflop strategy. We offer a huge variety of preflop strategies for Pot Limit Omaha. This free Preflop Guide includes 8 easy-to-read charts and crucial tips that will help you play like a pro before the flop. This poker calculator will give you the odds of a win, loss, and tie for each player in Omaha or Omaha Hi/Lo 8 or better. Their team features high stakes legends such as Joni Jouhkimainen, EEE27 or Samuli Sipila and. 3. Online Cash Ranges Live Cash Ranges MTT Ranges Advanced Solver Ranges Advanced Tourney Ranges Heads-Up Ranges Preflop Charts. 5% in full-deck hold’em). DEFINITION / EXAMPLE. 9-max Hold’em No-Limit is also popular with around 20-30 tables at peak times. The more connected your 2 cards are, the more equity your hand will realize. Learn to Read Bigger Draws. Adapt To 5-Card Preflop Ranges. Recognize When Someone’s Making a Mistake. Enhance your game with our extensive. 50 ante, and the bring-in would be $2. More specifically: Pushing: The act of fast-playing to reduce the number of players that will see a flop. Having a hand chart is not realistic because there are 16,432 starting hands in PLO. In contrast to this hand is something like 8899 double suited. Having the ability to flop straight draws, top pair, and nut flush draws makes it easy for you to continue on a multitude of boards. Learn How to Study Preflop in Pot Limit Omaha Using the PLO Trainer Desktop App. We will assume our opponent is opening a reasonably standard 32% opening range from the HiJack post-ante:Playing at one fast-fold table is the equivalent to playing at approximately three regular ones, meaning that you would need twelve regular tables open to match your volume when four-tabling of Zoom. BB (Hero, 8. I go to deepsolver ( I also wanted to compare gto+ to deepsolver) and take a look at there charts. 6 Learning Tracks that will help you learn crucial concepts and win at any No Limit Hold'em game type. Flop. Because six-handed play essentially eliminates early positions, you should widen your range. Join for access now! With the above in mind, take a look at the big blind defend vs button raise chart from Nick’s. I. In the hand below from one of Doug Polk’s Play & Explain videos in the Upswing Lab, he raises 8 ♦ 6 ♦ from UTG and makes a disciplined fold despite getting 2. How to Use the Poker Odds Calculator. Preflop solvers have found out that the optimal preflop open-raise fluctuates between 2 and 3 big blinds (bb), generally hovering around 2. what_will_you_gain. Both apps allow for browsing and training with our PLO sims library, which you can learn more about below. Preflop range charts. Advanced Cash Game Strategy by Alex 'Kanu7' Millar. You should always start with a bet on the flop, and usually look to bet again on the turn and a final time on the river. This is a very bad strategy to use for a number of reasons. 16%. 6-2. 5 BBs in the pot. Starting Hands Starting hands in Omaha is single handedly the most important decision that a player can make before the flop because it defines the quality of hand they can expect. If a player re-raises, that’s a 3-bet. A linear distribution of equity means that our equity is spread fairly evenly across our entire range. The best way to approach RFI is to pick a range of hands which you believe is strongA precise and easy to use visual representation of GTO preflop ranges for 4 and 5 card Pot Limit Omaha. If you aren’t. DEFINITION / EXAMPLE. For those brand new to the poker ranges, we have a few conventions and guidelines that most hand range charts follow. Royal Flush (A ♦ K ♦ Q ♦ J ♦ T ♦) The best hand possible, a royal flush consists of A, K, Q, J and 10, all of the same suit. Simple Poker offers advanced Nash Equilibrium tools for exploration of GTO Play in No-Limit Hold'em and. Spot #3 – Triple Broadway Ace-High Boards In Position. There are 16,432 different starting hands in Omaha Hi-Lo Holdem (considering equivalence relations). Good equity against a calling range. Each category features shoving. This is a hand grid. The results were then correlated to give you. Browse GTO solutions. Once the solver era kicked into high gear,. AA up against a hand such as 8-7 suited is a 3-1 favorite. In Hold’em and Omaha, community cards, are the cards dealt on the table that are used by all players. Solve complex situations and […]The odds of getting dealt AA, Hold'em's best hand, are 220-1 against. While eight- and nine-handed cash games are the norm in live play, online the majority of cash games play 6-handed. With these awesome charts you can now play a near perfect GTO optim. With fewer cards in the deck, you’ll hit your outs more often too. About this app. Forget about all these Pre Flop Charts to get the precise winning odds of your Hole Cards in Texas Hold'em Poker: The PreFlopper Poker Calculators are simple-to-use applications that will help you develop a solid pre-flop playing strategy for Texas Hold'Em, Omaha, Omaha HiLo, Stud and Razz Poker. The apps offer 5-Card PLO for basically all stakes but can vary across individual clubs. 6 Max No Limit Holdem (100BB) Heads Up (up to 200BB) Spin and Go's (1BB-25BB) Nash Charts (1BB-20BB)What is 5-bet in Poker? The term 5-bet refers to the third re- raise in a betting round, usually seen preflop. Live No-Limit Holdem Cash Online No-Limit Holdem Cash No Limit Tournaments Heads Up SNG Omaha Omaha/8 Six Plus Hold'em Other Poker Games Psychology Books and Publications Poker Theory & GTO Beginners and General Questions. Pot Limit Omaha Pre-Flop Guru Spin and Go Pre-Flop Guru (4-25BB). POKER CHEAT SHEET FOR POT LIMIT OMAHA. 99) Although one should always doubt the apps that claim to be " THE best app to improve as a poker player, " Preflop + is a great one to download on. You can plug this leak by never calling in multiway preflop situations with hands that can't make the nuts often. Well played by both players preflop. This form of rake is collected in one of two ways: Player time: A set amount is collected from each player. This hand, dealt exactly this way (double suited), gives you the best shot at hitting flushes, straights, and the best low, not. This is assuming the suits don’t matter since suits have no relative value. Download now! Preflop Strategy vs Limpers. Having a hand chart is not realistic because there are 16,432 starting hands in PLO. This is because the high rake decreases your pot odds . Grab our easy to read preflop poker charts for free and build a solid poker strategy for your game instantly. Example: The cutoff raises and you 3-bet from the button. But when it comes to selecting the best Omaha poker hands, a hand chart is pointless. Players often heavily argue about the question which starting hand is the best in PLO since they say this does not only depend on the preflop equity, but also on the playability. A "brick" is a card that doesn't change the board texture. This PLO Solver Gives You the Optimal Preflop Strategy with Two Clicks. 5 big blinds. Fast-play more often because hand equities run closer. In a $5/$10 7 Card Stud game, players would post $0. 6%. Here is one of the most. Constructing proper 3-Betting ranges is especially crucial in heads up games given the positional disadvantage of the 3-Bettor. Players used to be much more likely to just call raises before the flop, which presented many squeezing opportunities for aggressive players. Can I use PreflopWhiz while playing?Step 1: Calculate the final pot size if you were to call. Uri is getting 5-to-1 on a call and has a hand that, while often dominated, is good enough to take a flop. The positions around a table in a 6-player game. Straight Flush (T ♥ 9 ♥ 8 ♥ 7 ♥ 6 ♥) Also very rare, a straight flush consists of any straight that is all the same suit. HAND NAME. With four cards instead of two, there are 270,725 possible starting hands in PLO, compared to just 1,326 in Texas Hold'em. Antes are commonly found in tournaments and high stakes cash games. Even though there is nothing you can (legally) do to “get” the right starting. Also, a starting hands chart would be less useful in Omaha, since the complex postflop game is a lot more important here than in Hold'em. 3% 9. The flop comes A♠ Q ♥ J♠ and the cutoff checks to you. As more players enter the pot, the equity of your range decreases. Overhead view of a Stud Hi Lo table. “I raised preflop and the big blind called, and we went to the flop. Pushing vs pulling in Pot Limit Omaha. All examples are from 6-max with 100bb effective stacks. There are various non-favorable cards you can get preflop in Pot-Limit Omaha. Chinese Poker. 1. You literally would have two people making zero preflop decisions and playing the identical. Nuttiness. In PLO there are a total of 16,432 different starting hands, made up of all the possibilities that result from the 270,725 stochastically possible. 1% 2. Poker charts for different disciplines, starting hands lists, preflop charts for MTT and cash games. Advanced Cash Game Strategy by Alex 'Kanu7' Millar. Maybe the exact GTO ranges are complex but the basics are easy. If that’s confusing, there is a short-hand. This is where Pot Limit Omaha comes in. Not much to say here: Ace-Jack offsuit is a standard raise from the Button. You don't need to make adjustment. In this article, I’ll be reviewing Doug Polk’s answers to 6 pre-flop related questions sent in by you, the Upswing readers. Online Cash Ranges Live Cash Ranges MTT Ranges Advanced Solver Ranges Advanced Tourney Ranges Heads-Up Ranges Preflop Charts Guide. Reading a poker hand range chart is easy, once you know how the layout of the chart. 1 is the best commercially available packaged preflop set on the market and its not really close. This free Preflop Guide includes 8 easy-to-read charts and crucial. If you play Pot Limit Omaha, this tool will blow your mind. Flop Play With Focus on C-betting. You'll end up learning how to make fast and accurate decisions, while building a solid foundation for. Compare this with a hand such as JT offsuit, which becomes two-pair or better just 4. Get the most complete preflop charts for Short Deck Hold'em on the market, painstakingly handmade by Kane, along with 16 preflop theory videos. 8% of the time. An elite. Part 2: Preflop Hand Rankings. We're so confident that any of our courses will help improve your game that we're willing to bet on it! You can try any course for the first 30 days with zero worries. 1. Take a look at AK’s equity vs one, two and three random poker hands: A 3-bet will usually force some players out before the flop, making it more likely that you will win the hand. As seen in the charts above, weak aces are losing pushes from UTG and middle position, even with 10bb stacks. 50 (aka 50NL). Unlike in cash games, where chips correspond 1-to-1 to their dollar value, the formula for translating chips to dollars in tournaments is quite complex. If the cutoff folds, the hand. Hands starting poker chart guide texas hold em largerPlo upswing preflop positions Poker hand rankings : your first step in learning the game of pokerPoker omaha hand chart rules plo strategy rankings hands strategies texas card ranking holdem easier especially apply learning above betoclock. OmahaPro Preflop Features. 1 BB) is contemplating calling with a hand slightly below what the push/fold charts would advocate. Access to our private poker group where you can get help with your strategy. Vs 2. Omaha Hi Lo Rules. When it comes to open-raising preflop, your sizings should remain the same as when you’re playing 100 big blinds deep. 1 BB) is contemplating calling with a hand slightly below what the push/fold charts would advocate. Capped – Does not have the best hands in range (e. 50 ante, and the bring-in would be $2. This free Preflop Guide includes 8 easy-to-read charts and crucial. Pick the poker variation you're playing in the top drop-down menu and the number of players in the hand (you can add in up to five players). With the tough poker climate of 2017, a good pre-flop strategy is mandatory for long term success. Pot Limit Omaha is a complex game, so it’s not realistic to expect you’ll. Free. If you’re a No Limit Hold’em player. Note: If you want to win at poker, you need a solid preflop strategy. Download now! Read more from Upswing Poker: Bluffing in Poker Explained (by Doug Polk)PREFLOP GUIDE FOR RAISING FIRST IN 6 Preflop Charts The ranges that follow, are the hands you should Raise First In (RFI). Road to PLO: #2: Pot Limit Omaha Opening. Preflop Play in No-Limit Hold'em. The “squeeze” play — 3-betting preflop versus a raise and one or more callers — was once a staple of TV poker. So, if Villian were bluffing, this bet would have to force a fold at least 33% of the time to make a profit––Hero has to call more often than that to prevent. 2. Also known as the flop, turn, and river, or the board. By Matthew Cluff. Free Poker. In a splashy game, it is not uncommon to. HiJack calls with the middling 30%-40% of their range. The old-school approach to multiway pots was to enter with many speculative hands hoping to win big when you hit. Hands that see a flop with an SPR of below 2. Improve your poker game preflop today with Preflop Academy! Over 170 simulations (71 ChipEV, 94 ICM Final Tables and 12 ICM 25%/50% field) available! We know that making the right. Use the far left column to determine the situation. The PLO Range Explorer, formerly known as PLO Trainer Desktop App is a downloadable Windows-only software with advanced range analysis features. So, 1640 / (1600+7040) = 18. Stud Poker Rules. ; 3-Bet – indicates how often the player has 3-bet. Education. This form of rake is collected in one of two ways: Player time: A set amount is collected from each player. Some of the concepts presented in this article are: limping preflop, smaller 3-bet sizing, and flat calling. This article is not a preflop guide to Pot Limit Omaha (PLO). You have to play tighter preflop in micro stakes games, particularly when it comes to calling raises and re-raises. Log Out. An. OmahaPro is a Pot Limit Omaha training site. The latest from the Upswing workshop is the Cash Game Course by Kanu7. Reading a poker hand range chart is easy, once you know how the layout of the chart. Suppose you’re playing $0. Preflop. Get 150,000 Gold Coins for $10, plus get 30 FREE Sweeps Coins. People at different stakes play differently. Suited hands realize significantly more equity than their offsuit counterparts. 5x. Tommy Angelo addressed the topic of starting hand selection in pot-limit Omaha in his multi-part article "Waiting for Straighters" that focuses on preflop strategy in both no-limit hold'em and pot. PokerCruncher is a hand ranges equity calculator that can be downloaded from the Mac, iOS, and Android app stores. The real thing we should be worried about in poker is RTAs but few people (myself included) truly understand them, but we all have seen preflop charts. Click on any card and it will be used in the position indicated by the yellow frame. 2. Cutting Edge. Hellmuth has the perfect hand to limp and call a raise. Opening Percentage. Poker percentages refer to the current chance of your hand winning at showdown. 00. When you’re reading an article from the Upswing Poker blog, or looking at our free preflop charts, suited hands will be denoted with an “s”, while offsuit hands are denoted with an “o”. Try not to be afraid of. Preflop + Poker GTO Nash Charts (Free / $74. His clear, theory-oriented teaching style will be an asset to Short Deck Course members. preflop are rather inelastic to rake, these ranges are also. If you’re new to PLO, you should only stick to stronger cards like the ones presented in our hand chart of 30 best Omaha starting hands. more suited connectors and less QJ likes). 2. With an open-ended straight draw, for example, your chance of hitting a straight by the river is 45. Clicking on any hand combination in the “Preflop” matrix adds that hand to the Player 1 range. In most forms of poker, such as the most popular one of No-Limit Texas Hold’em, there are forced blind bets that must be put forward by the players to the immediate left of the button before any cards are dealt. Note that it should only be considered an RFI situation when there are no limpers before us. 1% 4. Having the ability to flop straight draws, top pair, and nut flush draws makes it easy for you to continue on a multitude of boards. Your hand hits the board and you are able to win at showdown. 8x when out of position and 2. A fundamentally sound preflop strategy sets you up for success in all subsequent betting rounds. . Free preflop charts – best poker coaching. Both using GTO preflop charts in real time using an RNG. Learn More. Omaha Starting Hand Charts. & Replayer 3-bet Pot Strategies Doug Vs Daniel Insight PLO Preflop Guide The Laws Of Live Poker Level-Up Podcast Hold'em Preflop Charts. Become an end boss with this comprehensive Pot Limit Omaha Training Course. The pot is 19 BBs and the Cutoff has 35% equity (and will. Bet Sizing: The RFI ranges assume a 2. 0. Omaha 8, also known as Omaha Eight or Better, or Omaha high low split ('Hi/Lo'), is a split pot game. Open limping is when a player just calls the big blind pre-flop, and is the first player to enter the pot. We make our first mistake by betting too big on the flop. Start 14-day Trial. See full list on pokerlistings. With an open-ended straight draw, for example, your chance of hitting a straight by the river is 45. Pot-Limit Omaha (PLO) is the world’s second-most popular poker variant, only trailing No-Limit Hold’em. For example, a $2/$5 cash game with a $1 ante requires each player at the table to put $1 in the pot before each hand. Standard. This is the raw equity we need to call the open. This easy-to-use PLO solver shows you exactly how to play any hand in any preflop situation. These push fold charts are calculated based on ICM poker considerations and are used by the best MTT players, so it is considered an optimal approach for end game situations. . This is also the reason why there is no clear cut starting hand chart for PLO. An elite training course for serious cash game players. Royal Flush. 5 to win a pot of $75. Preflop Cash Game Poker Made Easy. If you re-raise again, that’s a 4-bet. They will have good connectivity, they'll be double-suited, and have a strong potential to make the nuts. Let’s set the stage: Brad slow-plays the flop with the nuts, raises the turn, and is now facing a brutal all-in check-raise after the board pairs on the river. Because of this, we thought it would be great to bring you some insight into how a higher stakes professional — used to all of those theoretically advanced poker shenanigans — approaches a game like good ol’ $0. 5% (compared to 31. In Omaha, things are very different. , around 100 big blinds), 3-bet pots in the later stages of tournaments, or in single-raised pots in which the big blind defended with less than 15 big blinds. 2%. 1. Once you notice their imbalances, you can adjust to exploit it! 2. At a nine-handed table, the positions directly clockwise of UTG are known as UTG+1 and UTG+2. Note: If you want to win at poker, you need a solid preflop strategy. Get free preflop charts here and start playing like a pro before the flop. In other words, these are the hands you should play preflop when the action folds to you, and you should play them by raising. You take the pot down on the flop, turn or river by c-betting and/or barreling against 1–2 opponents. Principles, such as the ones described in this article, should be the number one way we think about our preflop holdings. The more connected your 2 cards are, the more equity your hand will realize. Let’s take a common example to visualize it better. Click to jump to an in-depth explanation of the rule: Increase your preflop raise size when there is a weak player in the blinds. In the Omaha lobby you will find Pot Limit, High-Low, PLO5 tables from low to high-stakes. 400 000+ Preflop Charts. Koon. I hope you are able to take something a. Learn more now! Flop Example There are so many combinations of hands in each player’s range, so many different turns and rivers that can come, and so many different possible stack-to-pot ratios that it’s extremely hard for to fully grasp the implications of. Step 1: Calculate the final pot size if you were to call. Flop chart preflop holdem bet fold omaha disqusPoker mistakes rankings suitability positional The 13 best texas hold'em poker hand strength charts [2016]Texas holdem no limit starting hand chart. With OmahaPro, it's easy to evaluate your range as a whole, including complex situations in PLO as the bottoms of. Principles Not Charts. Log Out. If you normally raise to 4 big blinds, raise to 4 big blinds. Preview the course here. Get it now! EZ Fat Footer #1. A capped range is a range that contains no (or very few) strong hands, such as overpairs, two-pairs, sets, straights, flushes, etc. 1. Even players trying to follow GTO will often play at least slightly too tight or loose. Double suited is good, suited aces are good, big cards are good, pairs are good , connectedness is good. Antes are mandatory bets that are sometimes posted by all players at the table, or by the big blind player in some formats. When they were first introduced, SNGs were usually 9 or 10 man tournaments with 10 minute blind levels. The Advanced Solver Ranges cover: Raise first in ranges for all positions in a 6-max game. Track your accuracy in 386 situations. Log Out. Bet pretty large (55-80% pot) on wet, dynamic board textures. Although a sound preflop strategy is explicitly required to become a winning player, preflop play is just a part of a profitable PLO strategy, so we cannot guarantee such a thing. Poker equity refers to the portion of the pot that should/could be yours according to the likelihood of winning the hand right now, whether it’s preflop, on the flop, on the turn, or on the river. 75 at PLO25 and $3 at PLO100. HiJack folds the weakest 50%-60% of their range and the Cutoff wins the 4. Hero raises to 2. Get it now! EZ Fat Footer #1. Advanced Cash Game Strategy by Alex 'Kanu7' Millar. The “o” indicates it is an offsuit hand, for instance, 6♣ 5. 5 Nov 2023 Pot Limit Omaha Strategy As more and more people are developing their skills at Texas Holdem, those once easy games are getting much more difficult to beat. Equities are even closer in Short Deck than they are in Pot Limit Omaha, which is traditionally thought of as a game where equites run close. Suited wheel aces will almost always have a at least 35% equity against your opponent’s 4-bet calling range. The thing is, though, in poker, no one is going to play correctly. Odds are available for: Texas Holdem, Omaha , Omaha Hi-Lo, 7-Card Stud, 7-Card Stud Hi-Lo and Razz. The user interface of the applications makes it. Training features. 28 Dec 2022. Execute the action with the range and sizing (if applicable) found in the appropriate box. $999 $749. The answer is the Preflop Mastersheet, created specifically for the purposes of the Smash Live Cash Course using MonkerSolver. So how do you decide what starting hands to play and what not to play. Your Omaha Hi Lo Preflop strategy is based on your starting hands. That's the reason why there is no simple starting hands chart for Omaha. The best high hand wins half of the pot, and the best low hand wins the other half of the pot. The authors Beasts of Poker include online crushers Joni Jouhkimainen and EEE27 . 5 big blinds, raise to 2. How’d you do?Poker Tools and Software Identify player tendencies quickly & easily to exploit patterns in your opponents play. Hero bets 3. Log Out. Simple GTO Trainer is built on the cutting edge SimplePostflop engine which is the fastest and most powerful GTO Solver in the world. 5% opening range: If you are opening to a larger size (3x) versus a loose opponent, it is usually best to open somewhere between 70% and 80% of hands. This free Preflop Guide includes 8 easy-to-read charts and crucial tips that will help you play like a pro before the flop. Navigate preflop play in Pot Limit Omaha like a seasoned pro with charts, heuristics, and quizzes that will help you memorize optimal ranges. Preflop Mistake #1: Limping. Poker Winning Hands Chart: Hand Rankings. . In the image above, we see how the big blind should respond to a cut-off player's open at 40bb (blue = fold, green = call, light brown = raise, dark brown = all-in). 2.